Hester as A Self-Reliant Character Essay -- essays research papers

Individualism in a Society-Based World   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In a society-centered world, living as self-reliant can be a difficult task to accomplish because society puts pressure on its members to conform to its standards. Nonconformists are eluded by society and consequently have difficulty retaining their nonconformist position. According to Ralph Waldo Emerson’s â€Å"Self Reliance†, those who express themselves and dismiss the role of consistency are misunderstood, but great and as a result will ultimately rise in a â€Å"morally perfect,† but hypocritical society. In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s Scarlet Letter, Hester Prynne was created as a self-reliant character that indirectly exploits the flaws and hypocrisy of Puritan society, as well as to prove Hester as a survivor. In addition to Hester and self-reliance, Hawthorne reveals the hypocrisy of Puritan society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hester is a symbol of self-reliance because she resumes wearing the scarlet letter â€Å"A,† a symbol of her adulterous act and she stayed loyal to herself by daring to live beyond the petty rules of Puritan society. She is obviously not repentant, as she chooses to remain in Boston, even when she is free to go elsewhere and start a new life. â€Å"Here had been the scene of her guilt, and here should be the scene her earthly punishment; and so perchance, the torture of her daily shame would at length purge her soil, and work out another purity than that which she had lost; more saint-like bec...

Most Influenced People in My Life Essay

In China, people always say, â€Å"If three people are walking together, at least one is good enough to be another’s teacher†, which means you will always be influenced by someone else in your life. For me, many people have affected me, such as my grandmother, my father, and my high school physics teacher. Each of them has some talents and characters that I really want to learn. I admire my father’s great enterprise and noble spirit. His strong spirit always influences me when I face challenges or make big decisions. My grandmother’s thoughtfulness teaches me how to take care of myself well when I am alone and I learn that people would be nice to you when you treat them in a friendly way. Also my high school physics teacher is one of the greatest people I have ever met. He was the one who helped me most when I was growing up to an adult. I cannot think of anyone else who has influenced me more than him or her. My father is one of the most influenced people in my life. He is an enterprising entrepreneur. Read more: The person whom I  admire the most essay He always tells me three important traits that a real man must have: enterprising, caring, and conscientious. He also likes to talk with me about what he has done to his company and employees. After hearing his experience, I want to start my own business when I graduate from university so that I can be an enterprising man like my father. He is a person whom I am familiar with the most, so I learn a lot of things from him both mentally and materially. Lots of people said that my motion and appearance completely look the same as my father’s from behind when we are walking together. The last reason that my father is one of the most influenced people in my life is that he assists me financially in my abroad study in United States. As we know, there are not a lot of Chinese have the economic capability to send their children to study abroad. I should be grateful that my father is willing to provide me money to study abroad. My physics teacher of my high school is another person who has influenced me the most. He was a very patient man. I was a naughty boy when I was studying in my high school in Connecticut. I skipped the classes to play basketball and video games; I always did not finish my homework; I fought with other classmates. He was still patient to teach me, so physics became the subject that I had the highest grade. He always convinced people by reasoning. In China, many teachers teach bad students by scolding them or giving them corporal punishment. He was the most reasonable teacher that I had seen since I studied in United States. I respected him very much. I just could not find any disadvantages from him. I once had a chance to have dinner in his house and met all of his families; they were all very nice and easy going. It could be regarded as the most touching thing in the world for a bad student who was often ignored by teachers. My grandmother is also one of the most influenced people in my life. She never got mad at people no matter what they did to her. All of her neighbors evaluated her as the kindest person in their community. My grandmother is also a laborious person. She was born and growing up in the famine. There were six children for her to raise. At that time, my grandmother had no job, so she had no extra money to buy what my father and his brothers needed. She made straw sandals every night to sell in order to buy some snacks and stationery for her sons. She took care of me for over 9 years. When I was a kid, both my parents had job to do and had no time to take care of me, so I was sent to my grandmother’s home. I love her very much because she took care of my daily life and health in the majority of my childhood. People are always influenced by the person appear in their life. The point is that we should be thankful to the people who bring positive influence on us. I am really thankful to my enterprising father, my kind grandmother, and my patient physics teacher because they all have positive effects on me. My father provides me lots of valuable things both mentally and materially. I would still be Yiqin who can only speak Chinese not Scott who can speak both English and Chinese without my father’s help. I would not know how to get alone with people well without my grandmother’s teaching through her personal behavior as well as verbal instruction. I feel confident in saying that I am able to hit it off with the majority of people. I said I worshipped my high school physics teacher very much, not only because he was a patient and reasonable person, but also because his influence on his family made me want to be the person like him. In the future, we may become the one who could influence others, so we must take positive influence from people around us as much as we can, and then let our good personalities to influence others. It would be one of the most important things that could make us to succeed.

Essay How to Stop Being Jealous in a relationship

As described by William Shakespeare , is a jealous green -eyed monster and one that annoys most people, especially those who are in a relationship ! Everyone stood on both sides of the fence jealousy once at least in his life . There are times people are wondering , is the field of womens jealousy ? Well, not really ! Both men and women suffer from jealousy on an equal footing . The exact origin and jealousy can be found in a motley of different emotions that are not always irrational to be honest. It is a combination of fear and insecurity of losing priceless possession or person . Many psychologists jealousy refer directly to the lack of self-confidence in the relationship . After a while jealousy , promotes himself and begins to†¦show more content†¦Well, Im not trying to underestimate , but it is often observed that jealousy really lowers the self-confidence of a person. It is also important to know the reason behind the low self-esteem , and often results in an abusive relationship also to low self-esteem , which ultimately leads to excessive jealousy and anger that destroys the relationship . Know the source of low self-esteem and try to overcome them . You can practice many treatments such as anger management and couples treatments of the issue. Talk it out If you want to learn how to stop being jealous , the first thing to do is to discuss this issue with your partner . Jealousy begins to rule the world , if not resolved this issue in a timely manner . Before jumping to any conclusions , remember that the truth is often much better than it sounds . Be specific with your partner and let him / her know about your doubts about him / her disbelief instead of getting jealous . Talk and sort it out , and will certainly help you in not jealousy . How can put an end to being a jealous boyfriend or girlfriend ? Well , and how to deal with jealousy that sneaks in , when one of the partners is still sharing a healthy friendship with his / her ex-husband ? This is a tough call , but on the other hand , it can be solved in no time . Many of girlfriends and friends just go crazy and often assumed to be signs of cheating in a relationship, which is not fair ! The following things may help youShow MoreRelatedJealousy By Ted Project Thesis : Jealousy1232 Words   |  5 Pagesaudience to know how a person s self esteem affects a person and how that makes a person feel more jealous. I also want my audience to see how the mind trick us into seeing and thinking things that are not true so we can get even more jealous. I had a story that lead me to this idea of jealousy. One time I was at a party and looked over to the door and I saw my ex boyfriend walking in, and behind him I see his girlfriend. At that moment, I felt jealous. I wasn t sure why I was jealous because whatRead MoreJealousy And Its Effect On The Mind And Body1507 Words   |  7 Pagesworldwide. To sum up the definition of jealousy in a nutshell, it is the emotional state or feeling of being resentful. Most human beings at one point in their life have felt some form of jealousy towards someone or something. There are many distinctive styles of jealousy regarding different situations. However, this makes people curious on how to discover the issues and findings of jealously and how it can affect the mind and the body. Of course many individuals might not know what jealousy revealsRead MoreEssay on Origins and Solutions to Jealousy1097 Words   |  5 Pages What is jealousy? Is it part of any normal relationship, or is it always destructive? The origins of jealousy are not clear. Some believe that jealousy was our solution to mate retention due to our quot;concealed fertilizationquot; process (Basset 72). While others believe that it is how we compare what we have to what other have and is triggered by quot;perceived threats to relationshipsquot; and is designed to quot;trigger initial emotional reactionsquot; (Basset 73). What is clear is thatRead MoreJealousy By William Shakespeare s Othello1439 Words   |  6 Pagesjealousy they keep inside them by making evil choices. In the novel Othello by Shakespeare, Othello demonstrates how can an individual completely ruin himself in the phase of jealousy. The other noteworthy instance of jealousy is portrayed by Brabantio, which is a result of his da ughter running away with Othello. Furthermore, the extreme phase of jealousy can be seen in Iago who is jealous of Cassio’s promotion over him. Othello becomes an easy target of jealousy since he is filled with a feeling ofRead MoreAnalysis Of John Knowless Ode To Jealousy1405 Words   |  6 PagesEveryone experiences jealousy at some point of their life. As discussed in Parul Sehgals TED Talk titled, â€Å"Ode to Jealousy,† one can become jealous of a material subject such as grades, or clothing. Humans could also become jealous of someone’s relationship or the relationship of their own, such as what Hara Marano talks about in her article â€Å"Jealousy: Loves Destroyer.† This so-called â€Å"Green-Eyed Monster† seems to come when it pleases, but never seems to leave without a trace. Jealousy makes usRead MoreJealousy: Interpersonal Relationship and Successful Student Essay973 Words   |  4 PagesBrandeis University, was told that love and forgiveness can make people engage in a strong relationship. On the other hand, jealousy leads to anger, betrayal, and envy which destroys relationships e stablished between friends. Also, jealousy could create mistrust and hatred between people which dramatically impedes a normal relationship and interpersonal relationship. If a person is jealous, it can damage a relationship with his surroundings and emerge into a lonely stage of his life.(too many ideas getRead MoreAmir and Hassan1380 Words   |  6 PagesAmir and Hassan seem to have a best friend type relationship. The boys showed their trust for eachother by carving their names into a tree. The two boys, Hassan and Amir, are main characters in the book titled, The Kite Runner. The two boys have a relationship that is significantly different compared to most. The boys do write their names in a pomegranate tree as the sultans of Kabul (Kite Runner 27) but, their friendship is not strong and it is one sided. Hassan is seen as lower than humanRead MoreHealthy Relationships720 Words   |  3 PagesChina Harris Chapter#8 Professor Name: Lyons Subject Name: SSPE201 22 march 2016 Healthy Relationships Healthy relationships allow two people to feel supported and connect to one another while also feeling equally independent and free. Communication and boundaries are the two major parts of a healthy relationship. Two people in a relationship with each other should be able to feel free enough to voice their opinions. Communication allows partners to treat each other with respect, speak openlyRead MoreA Comparison of the Dramatic Monologues of Porphyrias Lover and My Last Duchess by Robert Browning665 Words   |  3 PagesLover and My Last Duchess in both of these monologues are from the view of a partner in a relationship where they are jealous of their lovers and them being with other men. In Porphyrias Lover, the speaker is Porphyrias lover, he is talking to himself, and in My Last Duchess the Duke is the speaker and he is talking to a servant. The Duke is a very proud man, being a Duke he is higher than working class, and his family goes back for generations My gift of Read MoreThe Effect of the Inspectors Visit on Sheila Birling in J.B Priestlys An Inspector Calls928 Words   |  4 Pagesversus Labour. It was a time when prices rose, and wages couldn’t keep up with the pace. One million miners went on strike in the biggest industrial walk out of that time; this was a big threat to businessmen because work wasn’t being done. It was also a year when the titanic first set sailed; this was a symbol of Britain’s wealth, power and might. The titanic also sank the same year. There was a lot of class division the upper class looked down on the middle class and

Biography of Anna Comnena, the First Female Historian

Byzantine Princess Anna Comnena (Dec. 1 or 2, 1083–1153) was the first woman known to personally record historical events as a historian.  She also was a political figure who attempted to influence royal succession in the Byzantine Empire. In addition to The Alexiad, her 15-volume history on her fathers reign and related events, she wrote on medicine and ran a hospital and is sometimes identified as a physician. Fast Facts: Anna Comnena Known For: First female historianAlso Known As: Anna Komnene, Anna Komnena, Anna of ByzantiumBorn: Dec. 1 or 2, 1083 in Constantinople, Byzantine EmpireParents: Emperor Alexius I Comnenus, Irene DucasDied: 1153 in Constantinople, Byzantine EmpirePublished Work: The AlexiadSpouse: Nicephorus Bryennius Early Life and Education Anna Comnena was born on Dec. 1 or 2, 1083, in Constantinople, which was then the capital city of the Byzantine Empire and later of the Latin and Ottoman empires and finally of Turkey. It has been called Istanbul since the early 20th century. Her mother was Irene Ducas and her father was the Emperor Alexius I Comnenus, who ruled from 1081 to 1118. She was the eldest of her fathers children, born in Constantinople just a few years after he took over the throne as emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire by seizing it from Nicephorus III. Anna seems to have been a favorite of her father. She was betrothed at a young age to Constantine Ducas, a cousin on her mothers side and a son of Michael VII, the predecessor to Nicephorus III, and Maria Alania. She was then placed under Maria Alanias care, a common practice of the time. The young Constantine was named a co-emperor and was expected to be heir to Alexius I, who at that time had no sons. When Annas brother John was born, Constantine no longer had a claim on the throne. He died before the marriage could take place. As with some other medieval Byzantine royal women, Comnena was well-educated. She studied the classics, philosophy, music, science, and mathematics. Her studies included astronomy and medicine, topics about which she wrote later in her life.  As a royal daughter, she also studied military strategy, history, and geography. Although she credits her parents with being supportive of her education, her contemporary, Georgias Tornikes, said at her funeral that shed had to study ancient poetry—including The Odyssey—surreptitiously, as her parents disapproved of her reading about polytheism. Marriage In 1097 at the age of 14, Comnena married Nicephorus Bryennius, who was also a historian.  They had four children together in their 40 years of marriage. Bryennius had some claim to the throne as a statesman and general, and Comnena joined her mother, the Empress Irene, in a vain attempt to persuade her father to disinherit her brother, John, and replace him in the line of succession with Bryennius. Alexius appointed Comnena to head a 10,000-bed hospital and orphanage in Constantinople. She taught medicine there and at other hospitals and developed expertise on gout, an illness from which her father suffered. Later, when her father was dying, Comnena used her medical knowledge to choose from among the possible treatments for him. He died despite her efforts in 1118, and her brother John became emperor, John II Comnenus. Succession Plots After her brother was on the throne, Comnena and her mother plotted to overthrow him and to replace him with Annas husband, but Bryennius apparently refused to take part in the plot. Their plans were discovered and thwarted, Anna and her husband had to leave the court, and Anna lost her estates. When Comnenas husband died in 1137, she and her mother were sent to live in the convent of Kecharitomene, which Irene had founded.  The convent was devoted to learning, and there, at age 55, Comnena began serious work on the book for which she will long be remembered. The Alexiad A historical account of her fathers life and reign that her late husband had begun, The Alexiad totaled 15 volumes when it was completed and was written in Greek rather than in Latin, the spoken language of her place and time. In addition to recounting her fathers accomplishments, the book became a valuable source to later historians as a pro-Byzantine account of the early Crusades. While the book was written to praise Alexius accomplishments, Annas place at court for most of the period it covered made it more than that. She had been privy to details that were unusually accurate for histories of the time period. She wrote about the military, religious, and political aspects of history and was skeptical of the value of the Latin churchs First Crusade, which occurred during her fathers reign. She also wrote of her isolation at the convent and of her disgust with her husbands unwillingness to carry through with the plot that would have put him on the throne, noting that perhaps their genders should have been reversed. Legacy In addition to recounting her fathers reign, the book describes religious and intellectual activities within the empire and reflects the Byzantine  concept  of the imperial office. It also is a valuable account of the early Crusades, including character sketches of the First Crusades leaders and of others with whom Anna had direct contact. Comnena also wrote in The Alexiad about medicine and astronomy, demonstrating her considerable knowledge of science. She included references to the accomplishments of a number of women, including her influential grandmother Anna Dalassena. The Alexiad  was first translated into English in 1928 by another pioneering woman, Elizabeth Dawes, a  British classical scholar and the first woman to receive a doctorate in literature from the University of London. Sources Anna Comnena: Byzantine Princess. Encyclopedia Britannica.Anna Comnena: Byzantine Historian of the First Crusade. Women in World History Curriculum.

Essay on Nature in American Literature - 917 Words

Nature in American Literature In American Literature many authors write about nature and how nature affects mans lives. In life, nature is an important part of people. Many people live, work, or partake in revelry in nature. Nature has received attention from authors spanning several centuries. Their attitudes vary over time and also reflect the different outlooks of the authors who chose to discuss this important historical movement. A further examination of this movement, reveals prevalence of natures influence on man and how it affects their lives. An early work in American Literature, Thanatopsis, is also one of the most influential works of nature and how it affects man. This work portrays nature as†¦show more content†¦In this work, man is an object in the middle of living nature. Nature itself draws us from dependence upon the past and invites us to a richer state of being. Do not remember the past for [t]he sun shines today†¦[t]here is more wool and flax in the fields†¦[t]here are new lands, new men, new thoughts(215). Which suggests that because there is always a tomorrow. Man should not focus on the present and be more concentrated on what will be happening in the future. Emerson believed that nature was beautiful and nowhere else on earth could he find the majestic settings of the macrocosm. As Emerson declares [in] wilderness, [he finds] something more dear and connate than in streets or villages(216). He cannot find anything more loved and kindred than in towns and cities than what he finds in nature. Unlike Thanatopsis, Emerson focuses on the living and not the defunct. He tells us that [in] the tranquil landscape, and especially in the distant line of the horizon, man beholds somewhat as beautiful as his own nature(216). Mans nature is more beautiful than the outside of his exterior. Therefore, according to this attitude, mans life is just a mere dot in this world of blackness. In 1854 Thoreau wrote the short story of Walden, eighteen years later from the publication of Nature and forty-three years later from the publication of Thanatopsis. In this work Thoreau presents anShow MoreRelatedThe Value Of Literature Courses1428 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is the value of literature courses? We live in an age where information is conveyed in 140 characters. Why should students be required to read longer works? (By way of helping students get started ... this question is based on your opinion and you should make a short argument for or against. It is okay to use first person, I.) Literature courses force people to think outside of their own cultural perceptions. They give students the ability to think critically and to analyze problems by lookingRead MoreRomantic Period of Literature in America Essay949 Words   |  4 PagesBeginning early in the 17th century, American authors and poets alike began the great shift in writing now known as the romantic period. This movement in literature has many influences, themes, and writing styles that can be highlighted with important works and authors. A promising frontier, new cultures brought by immigration, and a search for spiritual answers were all key influences in bringing about the romantic movement. Themes of the romantic period include nature as a refuge, high imaginationRead MoreThe Emergence Of Self Concept1489 Words   |  6 PagesThe Emergence of Self Throughout our history the idea of self has developed and proved to be a dominant concept that Americans have come to understand. Not defined or found in lineage, religion, or history, the concept of self is defined by a collection of values. These values and principles are rooted in individualism, self-actualization, and self-reliance where people are able to fulfill their own destiny and believe in the promise that through ward work and determination life can be differentRead MoreTranscendentalism And The American Renaissance1693 Words   |  7 PagesThe American Renaissance was a revolution for literature and writers in America itself that emphasized cultural authority. The American Renaissance took place throughout the nineteenth century, primarily in the early segment of this era. According to, The Norton Anthology of American Literature, â€Å"the idea of American Renaissance has been so influential in part of the literature of this time period, and was crucial to the deve lopment of American literary traditions† (4). This created a diverseRead MoreAmerica s World War II870 Words   |  4 Pagesdoubt that America’s World War II is a rich source of literature and a theme for many writers. As result, they wrote many works about war literature, such as novels, poetry, plays, diaries, and personal narrative. The American Literature was formed by the history of the state that produced it just like in other nationwide literature. America was just a cluster of colonies scattered alongside the eastern seaboard of the North American continent for approximately a century and a half. AfterRead More literature in America Essay916 Words   |  4 Pagesbuy a house, or go to church. We are free. We have opportunity to be whatever we want to make ourselves. When you ask, what is an American? I find it no different to ask, what is freedom? America and freedom are intertwined and this relationship is evident in American literature. The notion of freedom and everything relating to freedom unites all of the American literature we have read. In Twain’s Huckleberry Finn, Huck leaves the cuffs of society so he can live in his own freedom. He doesn’t let societyRead MoreNaturalism : The Great. Who Has Read American Literature1368 Words   |  6 PagesNaturalism the Great Anyone who has read American literature will know of the significance of naturalism as a literary genre in American literature. Merriam Webster’s definition of Naturalism is as follows: A theory that art or literature should conform exactly to nature or depict every appearance of the subject that comes to the artist’s attention, specifically a theory in literature emphasizing the role of heredity and environment upon human life and character development. Naturalism went fromRead MoreWhite Males And The American Writers922 Words   |  4 PagesIn this nature writing course and in all my literature courses there haven’t been many African American writers represented. This isn’t because they don’t exist, but because the more commonly known writers have the attributes of being more respected, and are widely accepted writers in American literature, who majority of the time are white males like Thoreau and Leopold. These are just examples, and they are good writers but there are also good African American writers that deserve just as muchRead MoreThe Philosophy of Transcendentalism Essay1292 Words   |  6 Pagesplaced mainly on oneness with nature and God while making the possibility of social change a reality. Ralph Waldo Emerson was the leading American transcendentalist whose theories were a primary influence in transcendentalist thought and writing. Through the knowledge and direction of Ralph Emerson, Nathaniel Hawthorne and Henry David Thoreau also became leading scholars of their time by means of their influence on early American intellectual history and literature. â€Å"Transcendentalists were influencedRead MoreDiffferent Types of Colonial Literature Essay731 Words   |  3 Pages American literature extends its roots into colonial times. The works of the earliest North Americans include contributions by Natives and settlers alike, with many similar and differing historical influences, themes, and genres. The Native Americans, before colonial life even began, had developed a strong system of oral storytelling revolving mostly around mother nature. When the Puritans arrived, seeking religious asylum from Europe, their reserved and conservative ways leaked into colonial

Changing Rights and Freedoms of Aboriginal People Free Essays

Since the European invasion in 1788, Aboriginals have been treated poorly by the Australian government and have struggled to retain their rights and freedoms. Conflict emerged as the British colony expanded and Aboriginal land was taken from them. Due to conflict between the Aborigines and the British settlers, they were treated poorly and were refused rights and freedom. We will write a custom essay sample on Changing Rights and Freedoms of Aboriginal People or any similar topic only for you Order Now They were at risk under unfair industrial relations processes where they were not awarded equal pay, poor access to housing and reasonable living conditions, and on-going discrimination in Australian society. Overtime, aborigines contested leading to the change unequal government policies allowing them to obtain land rights, the reconciliation after issue with the stolen generation and the 1967 referendum which resulted with the inclusion of aborigines in the Australian constitution. There were many changes in the government policies overtime from initially being paternalistic to reconciliation. â€Å"Protection† was the first policy introduced relating to Indigenous people. It started due to the reduction in the Aboriginal population, and a growing consciousness of the general mistreatment of Aboriginal people. While this policy of protection commenced from 1869 to 1937, many civil rights of the aborigines were negated by the government. The Government were in control of the movement of Aboriginal people, leisure and sporting activities, work, earnings and possessions of Aboriginal people and marriages and family life. Continuing difficulties and criticisms of the treatment of Aboriginal people lead to the policy of â€Å"Assimilation† being introduced. In 1937 the commonwealth Government held a national conference on Aboriginal affairs. According to this new policy of ‘assimilation’, Aboriginal people would lose their identity but have their ‘status’ raised. The Assimilation Policy meant that the Aboriginal people were forced to stop the practices of their culture and adopt the culture and lifestyle of the white Australians, or the ‘majority’. Discrimination continued against the aboriginals and racism continued to spread, resulting in the eventual end of this policy in 1965. After the failure of the assimilation policy, the Commonwealth Government announced its policy of â€Å"Integration† in 1965 and then did little towards it. The policy meant that Indigenous Australians would be able to voice and openly celebrate their cultural differences. Aboriginal people are supposed to have more control over their life and society. The introduction of the policy self-determination was followed not long after. This was a policy of facilitating Indigenous people’s involvement in decision making for and management of their community. With this policy many aboriginal organisations developed to assist Aboriginal people to acquire land, to engage in business enterprises and to obtain finance for housing and other personal needs. On 2 September 1991, the federal Parliament unanimously passed the Council for â€Å"Reconciliation† Act. The Act established the 25-member Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation. The Council lobbied for recognition of customary law, self-government for Indigenous Australians, compensation for past injustices, a settlement of native title issues and recognition within the Constitution of Indigenous people’s rights. Reconciliation awaits the achievement of justice with regard to Indigenous land rights and to equity with other Australians in health, living conditions, education and employment. It was the final step towards improving equality within Australian society. The Indigenous Australian children known as the â€Å"Stolen Generations† were the result from a policy introduced in 1901. It was a dark time in Australian history where aboriginals were denied their rights and freedoms. This policy allowed children of Indigenous Australian and European descent to be removed from their families by the Australian Federal and State government agencies and church missions, under acts of their respective parliaments. This act was seen as an act of protection of Indigenous Australian children. These children were known as the stolen generations. The forced removal of Indigenous Australian children from their families was an official government policy designed to ‘assimilate’ or ‘breed out’ Indigenous people. It was estimated that 100,000 Indigenous Australian children were taken from their families and raised in homes or adopted by white families, up until the 1960s. Many of these children suffered abuse in their adoptive or foster homes and was not allowed to complain. Not only that the abduction was traumatic for the children, but also for the families, they were too, physically, psychologically and emotionally harmed. And by the late 1980’s, many of these children from the stolen generation lost their links with family and land, lost their understanding of kinship and missed out on being educated in the language, culture and traditions of their people. Many cultural and spiritual ties were crippled not only for the individuals, but families and even the whole communities. Change of rights and freedoms of Indigenous Australians was said to be the influence of the 1967 referendum. It was a vote that approved two amendments to the Australian constitution relating to Indigenous Australians. The 1967 Referendum proposed to include Aboriginal people in the census and to allow the Commonwealth government to make laws to improve rights and freedoms for Aboriginal people. On 27 May 1967, 90. 77% of Australian voters recorded the largest ever ‘Yes’ vote in a referendum to alter the Australian constitution. This referendum finally enabled Aboriginal people to be counted in the national census and to be subject to Commonwealth laws, rather than just state laws. On 10 August 1967 the act changing the Constitution became law in Australia. The Aboriginals worked hard and protested to achieve this, but many were disappointed prior to the 1967 referendum, not much changed for them and did not reduce the inequality. The referendum did not carry out their commitments in improving health, housing, employment and education for the Indigenous people. Though it was not as effective as it was thought to be, it was a large contribution in their fight for equal rights and freedom and the beginning of reconciliation. The change of equal rights and freedom for Aboriginals was a long and hard process. Indigenous Australians were treated poorly since 1788 settlement with unfair industrial relations processes where they were not awarded equal pay, poor access to housing and reasonable living conditions, and on-going discrimination in Australian society. It has taken many decades for any real change around land rights, discriminatory practices, financial assistance and preservation of cultural heritage to occur. Though many changes in rights and freedoms of aboriginals have been made, there are still many issues unsolved and will be a long time before they do. But so far, compared to a few decades before, Aboriginals have accomplished and gained many rights and freedoms since the British Settlement in 1788. How to cite Changing Rights and Freedoms of Aboriginal People, Papers

English Stories of Raymond Carver

Question: Discuss about theEnglishfor Stories of Raymond Carver. Answer: Introduction The Bath is one of the most popular stories written by Raymond Carver, that narrates the story of a couple, who are on the verge of losing their child to death owing to an accident, te boy confronted with, on the eighth year of his birthday. The author with the help of this story tries to explain the uncertainty of life, which is the major, pre-dominant theme running throughout the story. Scott shows the uncertainty of life, as he portrays the life of a couple getting shattered by a single mishap-the accident of their child. While the mother was excited to celebrate the birthday of the only child, by the time the reader arrives the middle of the story, he finds her left to ponder over the chance of survival of her only child. Further, to highlight a sense of uncertainty, the author also shows how the child, after being hit by the car was alright, and it is only after he came back to home, that he lost is sence and got hospitalized. The theme of uncertainty of life is clear throughout the story. In order to highlight the motif, the author keeps on offering jolts to the readers, by bringing in unexpected things. The story starts with a joyous note of the celebration of the boy, and even after Scott got hit by the accident, the reader does expect that nothing has changed as the boy returns home in perfect health. However, all of a sudden the boys shown to be hospitalized, and the reader along with the mother are left apprehending that the child is in coma. Further, the theme of uncertainty is again reinforced when the mother is shown passing through the waiting room at the hospital, where someone clad in housedress or another one in khaki shirt, is being shown to be awaiting healthcare provision. It shows how uncertain human life is, as one may get hospitalized even when it is least expected. The evidence is valid as the story illustrates a sense of uncertainty as the mother as well as the reader keeps on worrying if the child will get alright or not. The lack of understanding of what is happening around is also illustrated by the fact that the mother went to the extent of being superstitious, and left the hospital with the conviction that the child might get up if she was not watching him. The author shows life is uncertain and difficult to understand. The evidence is relevant as by the end of the story also, the readers are left to wonder if the child gets well or not. I have seen an uncle going out of his home in perfect health, and all of a sudden his family got a call from the hospital that he had a stroke and that his health was not stable at all. I partially agree with the authors view. Even though I am not fatalistic by nature, yet I have seen how people go through difficult times, where they do not get to control anything. A person who is smiling now, may not have a single reason to smile in the next moment. Reference List: Carver, R. (2015).Beginners. Vintage. Carver, R. (2015).Call if you need me: the uncollected fiction and other prose. Vintage. Halfon, S., Weinstein, L. (2016). Literary and analytic transformations of trauma: Repetition, revision and rebirth in two stories of Raymond Carver.Psychoanalytic Psychology,33(S1), S120. Hodge, M. (2014). Bicycles, Muscles, Cigarettes, and ESL: Raymond Carver in the Classroom.Teaching American Literature,7.